
Nidhi
Jamia Hamdard, IndiaPresentation Title:
Phytoconstituents for the treatment of epilepsy
Abstract
Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures, often requiring long-term pharmacological intervention. Existing antiepileptic drugs are associated with a wide variety of side effects, drug resistance, and high costs, necessitating the search for alternative therapeutic strategies. Phytoconstituents, herbal formulations, and natural compounds for disease prevention and treatment, could be a possible approach in mitigating epilepsy due to their natural origin, neuroprotective properties, and lower toxicity compared to synthetic drugs. Plant- based drugs provide a holistic approach by targeting multiple pathological mechanisms involved in epilepsy while minimizing adverse effects.
Curcumin, Resveratrol, Embelin, Naringin and Fisetin which are known phytoconstituents have demonstrated anticonvulsant properties through multiple mechanisms such as modulation of GABAergic neurotransmission, inhibition of excitatory pathways, antioxidant activity, and anti-neuroinflammatory effects. These plant flavonoids influence neuronal excitability and seizure susceptibility by regulating ion channels, neurotransmitter release, and inflammatory responses in the brain. These compounds produce anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers, both of which contribute to seizure pathogenesis and enhances cognition by modulating neurotransmitter balance and reducing neuronal hyperexcitability.
Not only seizure but these agents also to contribute in the improves cognition deficits associated with epilepsy. Despite their therapeutic potential, there are various challenges associated with the phytoconstituents such as variability in bioactive compounds, lack of clinical standardization, limited pharmacokinetic data, and regulatory hurdles. Additionally, regulatory frameworks across the world require rigorous safety, efficacy, and quality control assessments for herbal drug approval and commercialization. Thus, phytoconstituents are a better approach in combating various neurological disorders like epilepsy and related cognitive impairment, but we suggest expensive mechanistic and clinical studies to ascertain the same.
Biography
Dr. Nidhi completed her graduation and post-graduation (Pharmacology) in Pharmacy from Jamia Hamdard and did her Ph.D. in Pharmacology from University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi under the guidance of Prof. K. K. Sharma. Presently, she is working as Associate Professor in the Department of Translational and Clinical Research, Jamia Hamdard. She has more than 18 years of extensive teaching and research experience. Her primary area of research is neurobehavior, neuropharmacology, clinical pharmacology and clinical research. Presently, Dr. Nidhi is exploring neuroinflammatory mechanisms underlying seizures and cognitive impairment in animal models. Clinically, she is working on assessment of behavioural problems in the patients of diabetes and cancer. Recently, she has been involved in developing deep learning methodologies in cancer patients. She is the recipients of Dr. Vinod Kumar Bhargava Award-2020 for Best Research Publication from the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India). Apart from this she has won five awards for the research work presented in the national and international conferences. She holds membership of National Academy of Medical Sciences and Indian Pharmacological Society and Pharmacy Council of India. She has published a book entitled “Air Pollution-harnessing the faculties of herbs” and has about 7 chapters in books of good repute, and more than 117 publications in national and international journals with h-index of 19 and around 1388 citations to her credit. She has received ICMR grant for a research project in epilepsy. Further, she is Co-investigator in three ICMR funded projects.